NCERT Solution class 9 Health and Physical Education Chapter-12 First Aid and Safety
Q. 1. What is first aid?
Answer:-
Definition of First Aid
First aid refers to the immediate care and assistance given to an injured or ill person before professional medical help arrives. It aims to prevent the condition from worsening, reduce pain, and promote recovery.
Key Objectives of First Aid:
- Preserve Life – Provide essential care to prevent fatal consequences.
- Prevent Further Injury – Take necessary precautions to avoid worsening the condition.
- Promote Recovery – Assist in stabilizing the person until medical help is available.
First aid plays a crucial role in emergencies, ensuring timely intervention and safety.
Q. 2. What are the various kinds of injuries caused sometimes, due to participation in sports?
Answer:-
Various Kinds of Injuries Caused Due to Participation in Sports
Sports injuries occur when athletes engage in physical activities without proper precautions or training. These injuries can be classified into different types:
1. Acute Injuries
These injuries happen suddenly due to impact or excessive force. Examples include:
- Fractures – Broken bones due to falls or collisions.
- Sprains – Stretching or tearing of ligaments, commonly in ankles and wrists.
- Strains – Overstretching or tearing of muscles or tendons.
- Dislocations – Bones moving out of their normal position, often in shoulders or fingers.
2. Chronic Injuries
These injuries develop over time due to repetitive stress on muscles and joints. Examples include:
- Tendonitis – Inflammation of tendons due to overuse.
- Stress Fractures – Small cracks in bones caused by repeated impact.
- Shin Splints – Pain in the lower leg due to excessive running or jumping.
3. Skin Injuries
These injuries affect the skin and soft tissues. Examples include:
- Cuts and Abrasions – Scrapes or wounds caused by falls or collisions.
- Bruises – Blood accumulation under the skin due to impact.
4. Head and Neck Injuries
These injuries can be serious and require immediate attention. Examples include:
- Concussions – Brain injuries caused by a blow to the head.
- Whiplash – Neck strain due to sudden movement or impact.
Proper warm-up, protective gear, and correct techniques help prevent sports injuries.
Q. 3. What is a burn injury? How many kinds of burn injuries are there?
Answer:-
Burn Injury and Its Types
Burn injury refers to damage to the skin or deeper tissues caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, or radiation. Burns can vary in severity and require appropriate first aid and medical attention.
Types of Burn Injuries:
- Superficial Burn (First-Degree Burn) – Affects only the outer layer of the skin, causing redness and mild pain.
- Partial Thickness Burn (Second-Degree Burn) – Damages deeper layers of the skin, leading to blisters, swelling, and intense pain.
- Full Thickness Burn (Third-Degree Burn) – Destroys all layers of the skin, often resulting in numbness due to nerve damage.
Proper first aid, such as cooling the burn with water and avoiding direct contact with ice, helps in managing burn injuries effectively.
Q. 4. If someone gets a burn injury what will you do first?
Answer:-
First Aid for Burn Injury
If someone suffers a burn injury, immediate first aid is crucial to prevent further damage and promote healing.
Steps to Follow:
- Cool the Burn – Run cool (not ice-cold) water over the affected area for 10–15 minutes to reduce pain and prevent deeper tissue damage.
- Remove Tight Clothing or Jewelry – If possible, gently remove items near the burn to prevent swelling-related complications.
- Cover the Burn – Use a sterile, non-stick bandage or clean cloth to protect the area from infection.
- Avoid Applying Ointments or Ice – Do not use butter, oil, or ice, as they can worsen the injury.
- Seek Medical Help – If the burn is severe, deep, or covers a large area, immediate medical attention is necessary.
Proper first aid ensures faster recovery and minimizes complications.
Q. 5. Mark the statements as True/False.
(i) A first-aider must not panic, so that she/he can help in early transportation of the victim to the hospital.
(ii) When an injury occurs in sports, then the activity causing injury must be stopped immediately.
(iii) First aid is meant for sportspersons only.
(iv) The primary aim of the first aid is to save the life of an individual.
(v) First aid is provided by a medical doctor only.
Answer:-
Here are the correct answers:
(i) True – A first-aider must remain calm to provide effective assistance and ensure safe transportation of the victim.
(ii) True – The activity causing injury should be stopped immediately to prevent further harm.
(iii) False – First aid is meant for everyone, not just sportspersons. It is essential in all emergencies.
(iv) True – The primary aim of first aid is to save lives and prevent the condition from worsening.
(v) False – First aid can be provided by anyone trained in basic emergency care, not just medical doctors.